GENERAL INFORMATION

THE FLORA : The original landscape of the valley where the town is located has undergone some major changes. The pre-Columbian civilizations cultures were ecological they learned to respect and live with nature. Among the native plants are most important: ñucchu (oppositiflora of Salvia), arrears of the herb or ccaya-ccaya (Solanum nigrum), or cow tongue llaque (Rumex crispus), llanten male or kallo of waqa (of hirtella Plantago), or less quisa nettle (Urtica urens of), the ch'onka yawar (Oenothera of rosea), ch'iri-ch'iri (Bolivian Grindela), herb cancer (bogotensis of Stachys), Trinity or wallwa ( Mexican Psoralea) q'eto-q'eto (Gnaphalium of spicatum), snuff or wild qhamasayri (Nicotiana paniculata), karko of supai (Nicotiana glauca), hawthorn dog or alkoquiska (spinosum of Xanthium), or amargón pilli-pilli (of Taraxacum officinale), muña (of Minthostachys spicata), chicchipa (mandoni of Tagetes), verbena (Verbena litoralis of), quiska of t'ankar (pseudolicioides Solanum), llaulli (Barnadesia the horrida), kantu (buxifolia of Cantua) bush-it has red or yellow flowers that are regarded as the Peruvian national flower - marqhu (the Ambrosía peruviana), q'era (condesuflorus Lupinus), the p'aki manca ( sternbergianum of the Eupatorium), rat-rat (arboreum of Abutilon), runto-runto (cuneiformis of Calceolaria), or floripondio angel trumpet (Datura arborea of), the red angel trumpet (Datura of sanguinea) , roq'e (spinosissima of Colletia) panti (peucedanifolius of the Cosmos), ginger mountain (iridiflora Canna), achupalla (of Pitcairnia ferruginea), kcayara (herrerrae of Puya), aguaimanto (Prunus) paqpa of chunta (Andean Fourcroya), or century plant paqpa (the Agave americana), tuna or prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica), quiska of p'ata (Opuntia exaltata), or cactus jawaq'ollay giant (cuzcoensis of Trichocereus), atoq-wakachi (tunicata of Opuntia), niwa (rudiuscula of Cortadería) ch'illca (polyanta of Baccharis), or maych'a arnica (pseudotites of Senecio), begonia or achankarai (sp of Begonia.), and so on.
Among the native trees is most important: the chachacomo (resinous of Escallonia), molle or false pepper (Schinus molle of), kiswar (longifolia of Buddleia or incana), qolle (coriácea of Buddleia), or elder berry of elderberry ( peruviana of Sambucus), capuli cherry (Physalis peruviana of), lloq'e (Kageneckia of lanceolata), Tare (Caesalpinia of spinosa), huayruro (herrerae of Citharexylum), tree or lambran alder (Alnus of jorulensis) cedar (Cedrela of herrerae), coral tree or pisonay (Erythrina falcata), the weeping willow (Salix humboldtiana) waranway (sambucifolia of Tecoma) q'euña (incana Polylepis or racemosa), and so on.

Subsequently people from colonial times has been slowly exterminating many shrubs and trees native to almost the entire valley for use as firewood. Today the trees that dominate our valleys are eucalyptus, imported from Australia in 1880. Another factor that has changed the landscape of the valley is the original grass known as the kikuyu grass, grass native Eritrea and Abyssinia these were brought to Kenya and was first planted in the Valley of Cusco in 1928. It imported with ornamental purposes and as pasture for livestock. Today extremely grows even in the high Andean mountains as a plague that reduces farmland. It is appreciated by ranchers but hated by farmers.

THE OROGRAFÍA : The Valley of Cusco is located on the middle-west of the Andes, to what is known as the "Node Vilcanota. The mountains around it contain mainly sedimentary rocks. There is a formation of limestone important. Among the most important mountain city of Cusco appointed to the effect clockwise: Saqsaywaman northern side, Pukamoqo, Relief and Senqa (4400 meters., 14432 feet) and Fortaleza (4193 meters., 13750 feet). Adelantando the eastern side is the Pikol (4482 meters., 14700 feet) and Pachatusan (4842 meters., 15880 feet). Toward the Southeast are Machu Loma, Wanakauri mythological (4080 meters., 13382 feet), Santa Ana; south is the Anawarque (4050 meters., 13284 feet), Qachona, Choqo, Araja, Muyu-Orqo and that next Condoroma most intimate to the city is named as Araway Qhata where it is today signal "Viva el Peru" ( "Long life to Peru") is located in the southwest; Pukín, Waman Charpa Mom and Simona (4300 meters., 14105 feet). Dominating the western side are the K'illki and Picchu (3820 meters., 12530 feet). Today At the top of the mountain Picchu are many microwave antennas.
In the region of Cusco there are also some very important mountain ranges, highlighting the Cordillera (Range Mountains) Vilcanota east of the city and the highest peak of Ausangate over 6372 meters. (20905 feet); Cordillera Urubamba northwest with the Veronica over 5682 meters. (18641 feet) and the Vilcabamba Mountains to the west and the highest peak of Salkantay to 6271 meters. (20574 feet). From the City of Cusco.